Biometric method using pheromone traps

In recent decades, the increasing incidence of insecticide Iranian Pistachio resistance has highlighted the need for a reliable method to assess the severity of resistance and the extent of its dispersion. Biometric method using pheromone traps is one of the acceptable methods to detect the susceptibility of Lepidoptera to insecticides. This method was first used by Riddle et al. (1985) to evaluate the susceptibility of apple butterfly moths to the insecticide Azinfus methyl. The bioassay method involves collecting a large number of male butterflies inside the trap and testing for resistance by contacting insecticides or by combining insecticides with glue.